Abstracts Archive

The BB-rat monoclonal autoantibody IC2 and its beta-cell surface specificity discovered in the 1980th brought us the explore this unique autoantibody further by DNA cloning and sequencing (Genbank KP709022.1, KP709023.1) and to elucidate further its epitope specificity. The target seems to be certai...

Background: Enteroviruses (EVs) have been linked to pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but their causality in beta cell autoimmunity remains debated. EV presence in beta cells from subjects with recent-onset T1D has been shown by immunostaining with the monoclonal antibody (mAb) 5D8/1 against th...

Aims: As one of the most popular anti-diabetic drug, metformin has been applied to type 1 diabetes mostly limited to obese patients. However, its effect on β-cell function in non-obese autoimmune diabetes is less defined. Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) serves as a good model with the p...

Background: Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are unconventional T cells, enriched in gut. They express an invariant T-cell receptor and recognize riboflavin metabolites from bacteria presented by MR1 molecules. Alterations in gut microbiota have been reported in patients with type 1 diab...

Background: In previous studies of NOD mice, anti-CD3 plus oral delivery of live Lactococcus lactis genetically modified to secrete the autoantigen proinsulin (PINS) with the tolerogenic cytokine IL-10 (L. lactis?PINS/IL-10) reversed T1D. We hypothesized that a short course of low-...

For the first time autoantigen treatment via intra-lymphatic route has been tried in T1D to preserve beta cell function. Vitamin D per os might help to gain additional efficacy. Objectives: To evaluate the safety, and clinical and immunological response. Patients and methods: DIAGNODE-1 is a s...

The aim of the study was to evaluate anti-diabetic potential of bee wax venom (BWV) formulation and to elucidate its mode of action in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Gas chromatography (GC analysis) of BWV formulation proved the presence ...

Background We reported that T cells, isolated directly from the islets of donors with T1D, recognized a broad repertoire of islet-associated targets, including post-translationally modified epitopes. From a study examining islet-associated proteins for potential sites of deamidation by transglutamin...

Background: in type 1 diabetes (T1D), the chemokine CXCL10 recruits autoreactive T-lymphocytes in pancreatic islets, contributing to beta-cells destruction. CXCL10 is expressed by murine and human pancreatic islets in autoimmune diabetes, however the specific expression pattern has not been elucidat...

      Introduction. CD8+ T-cell-mediated autoimmune β-cell destruction occurs in T1D. Such destruction may be favored by an increased β-cell vulnerability through the presentation of neo-epitopes more prone to escape tolerance. In this respect, post-translationally modified target peptides have...

Background: Insulin autoantibodies (IAA) are a key early marker of islet autoimmunity, particularly prevalent in young children who progress rapidly to Type 1 diabetes. Radiobinding assays (RBAs) are used to measure IAA but have limited specificity and sustainability. We evaluated the performance of...

    Despite strong rationale, efforts to generate immunosuppressive therapies that protect pancreatic islets and ameliorate Type I Diabetes (T1D) have not been successful due to either safety concerns or lack of persistent efficacy. To overcome these issues and address the significant unmet need...

It is important to identify defects in whole pancreas of subjects who develop type 1 diabetes (T1D) that distinguish them from genetically susceptible individuals who remain disease-free. It is unclear which biological processes are impaired and when this first occurs. Pancreas biopsies from diabet...

We have shown that in type 1 diabetes (T1D) oxidative post-translational modification (oxPTM) generates neoepitopes and that antibodies to oxPTM insulin (oxPTM-INS-Ab) can potentially become robust biomarkers for T1D prediction and early diagnosis. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of oxPTM-INS-Ab ...

Aims: Knowledge of regions of autoantigens recognised by the immune system in Type 1 diabetes is crucial for the development of antigen-specific immune intervention to prevent Type 1 diabetes and for efficient disease prediction and diagnosis. We identified tetraspanin-7 (Tspan7), a multi-pass secre...

  Background: Human Enteroviruses (HEV) have been long suspected as triggering factor of Type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, how HEV directly impacts the pancreatic islets and trigger chronic beta-cell distress remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate effect of HEV on islet and beta cell autop...

Alleles at the HLA-DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 loci confer the greatest genetic predisposition to type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, a compelling rationale for this link, and especially for HLA-DQ-mediated disease predisposition, remains obscure. Given the antigen presenting function of HLA class II and the ro...

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a polar organic solvent ubiquitously used in a wide range of biological applications and research areas. DMSO is toxic for cells at high concentrations, but its toxicity at low concentrations is insufficiently investigated. DMSO is routinely used as a cryoprotectant for ...

Background Oral administration of live genetically modified Lactococcus lactis (LL) secreting human proinsulin and IL-10 together with a short-course of low-dose anti-CD3 has been demonstrated to reverse T1D in NOD mice. Although LL therapy was successful in around 60% of NOD mice, 40% were metabo...

  Background: The beta-cell itself has become recognized as a central player in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), with the generation of neo-antigens in response to inflammation as potential trigger for breaking immune tolerance. Given the heterogeneity of T1D, the identification of ne...

Background Detection of beta-cell methylation specific cell-free DNA (cfDNA) offers a potential biomarker to monitor beta-cell death. Measuring multiple beta-cell specific targets should increase assay sensitivity and specificity. The aim of this study was to develop a robust, high throughput, multi...

Background: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are inherently immunomodulatory, in particular when activated. We tested whether activated MSCs qualify for the induction of islet antigen specific immune regulation. Methods: Bone marrow derived human MSCs were activated by interferon-g (IFNg) and analyz...

Background Gut microbiota may influence the development of autoimmune diabetes in both humans and Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Recent studies have shown IGRP-reactive CD8+ T-cells exhibit enhanced proinflammatory responses to a bacterial peptide mimic compared to IGRP native autoantigen. However, ...

Homeostatic antigen presentation by hepatic antigen presenting cells (HAPCs) results in tolerogenic, and not effector, T cell education. For this reason, strategies that target antigens to HAPCs have the potential to induce antigen-specific immunological tolerance. Here, we show that antigens modifi...

Background  GAD antibodies (GADA) are used to identify patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and subjects at increased disease risk. They are, however, also detected in many healthy subjects without increased T1D risk. Radiobinding assays (RBAs) using N-terminally truncated GAD65 (96–585) inste...

B cells are key contributors to the pathology of T1D, demonstrated by numerous studies in both mouse and man. However, B cell subsets, which include IL-10 producing Bregs, can regulate disease development. In the NOD mouse model, although female mice have higher incidence of spontaneous diabetes, ov...

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from autoreactive T cells destroying pancreatic β-cells. The costimulatory receptor, CD226, is a genome-wide association study-identified gene linked to susceptibility to T1D and other autoimmune disorders. CD226 is expressed primarily on NK cells and effec...

Background: The prevalence of diabetes associated antibodies (Ab) in Chinese patients recently diagnosed with adult-onset diabetes and the potential role of autoantibody markers for disease phenotype characterization were studied. Methods: 1383 recent-onset adult diabetic patients (mean age 54 years...

Background: In certain autoimmune diseases, platelets and neutrophils are engaged in a vicious cycle of activation which promotes autoimmune disease. The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of platelet-neutrophil interactions to the development of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in NOD mice. Met...

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease caused by the response of T cells against pancreatic islets. The only treatment for T1D, nowadays, is insulin supplement, with still more than 50% patients suffered from diabetic complications, owing to the loss of dynamic control by islet β-cell. Ther...